Also known as: Lys-Pro-Val
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a tripeptide corresponding to the C-terminal end of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH 11-13). Research consists of mouse intestinal (DSS, TNBS, T-cell transfer) models, cell studies and nanoparticle-delivery work; no human trials were identified.
Established in cell studies: KPV is taken up into intestinal epithelial and immune cells by the peptide transporter PepT1, and nanomolar concentrations reduced NF-κB and MAP kinase signaling and inflammatory cytokine release [1]. Proposed: KPV's effects in mouse colitis models appear at least partly independent of the melanocortin-1 receptor, since effects persisted in mice with non-functional MC1R [2]. Its short half-life has led researchers to package it in targeted nanoparticles [3][4].
| Study | Model | Reported result | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| PepT1-mediated KPV uptake [1] | Cell Human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco2-BBE, HT29) and Jurkat T cells with cytokine stimulation; mouse DSS and TNBS colitis models | Nanomolar KPV reduced NF-κB and MAP kinase activation and cytokine secretion via PepT1; researchers measured colonic cytokine expression in mouse DSS and TNBS models. | Peer-reviewed Gastroenterology 2008 |
| KPV in two mouse colitis models [2] | Mouse Colitis models (DSS and CD45RBhi T-cell transfer), plus MC1R-deficient mice given DSS; n=5 per group | Researchers measured faster weight regain (significant from day 10), lower colonic MPO activity and fewer inflammatory infiltrates. | Peer-reviewed Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2008 |
| Hyaluronic acid-coated KPV nanoparticles [3] | Mouse Colitis model (DSS), oral nanoparticles in a hydrogel; plus Colon-26, RAW 264.7 and Caco2-BBE cells | Targeted particles (~272 nm) increased cell uptake, lowered macrophage TNF-α, and reduced weight loss, colonic MPO and TNF-α in mice versus untargeted particles. | Peer-reviewed Molecular Therapy 2017 |
| KPV co-assembled with FK506 [4] | Mouse Acute (4% DSS) and chronic (2.5% DSS) colitis models; KPV alone as a comparison arm | In the acute model, survival was 80% with KPV alone versus 60% with DSS only; combined nanoparticles outperformed KPV alone. | Peer-reviewed Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024 |
Human trials are listed for research context only; outcomes are reported in the linked publications. Animal and lab results do not establish effects in humans.
PureLab supplies KPV for laboratory research. Lot-specific certificates of analysis are posted on the product page as they are issued.
View research-grade KPV