A synthetic 16-amino-acid peptide based on the tail end (C-terminal region) of human growth hormone. It was studied in rodents around 2000 and in six human safety trials by an Australian developer; little new peer-reviewed work has appeared since.
In mouse and cell studies, AOD9604 did not compete for the growth hormone receptor and did not trigger cell proliferation, unlike full growth hormone [2]. In ob/ob mice it increased fat oxidation and plasma glycerol, a marker of fat breakdown [2]. It raised expression of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor in fat, but mice lacking that receptor still showed acute increases in energy expenditure, so the exact pathway remains unresolved [3].
| Study | Model | Reported result | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ng et al., metabolic study [1] | Rat Zucker (fa/fa) rats, 19 days, vs untreated controls | Researchers measured lipolytic activity in adipose tissue and insulin sensitivity (clamp) versus untreated controls. | Peer-reviewed Horm Res 2000 |
| Heffernan et al., fat oxidation [2] | Mouse ob/ob and lean mice, 14 days, compared with full hGH; plus receptor-binding cell assay | Reduced weight gain and raised fat oxidation and plasma glycerol; unlike hGH, no rise in blood glucose and no hGH-receptor binding | Peer-reviewed Int J Obes 2001 |
| Beta-3 receptor knockout study [3] | Mouse ob/ob mice and beta-3 adrenergic receptor knockout mice, 14 days | Raised beta-3 receptor RNA toward lean-mouse levels; chronic weight effect absent in knockout mice, acute energy expenditure increase retained | Peer-reviewed Endocrinology 2001 |
| Pooled human safety analysis [4] | Human Six randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (phase 1 to 2b), 893 adults, up to 24 weeks | Endpoints: safety and tolerability, including IGF-1, glucose tolerance and anti-drug antibodies. Published | Peer-reviewed J Endocrinol Metab 2013 |
| Preclinical safety review [5] | Review Summary of genotoxicity tests and repeat-dose studies in rats and monkeys (unpublished GLP reports) | Collects the developer's toxicology program; underlying reports are not individually peer reviewed | Peer-reviewed J Endocrinol Metab 2014 |
Human trials are listed for research context only; outcomes are reported in the linked publications. Animal and lab results do not establish effects in humans.
PureLab supplies AOD-9604 for laboratory research. Lot-specific certificates of analysis are posted on the product page as they are issued.
View research-grade AOD-9604