Hexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue, developed as an analog of GHRP-6. Research consists mainly of older hormone-release studies plus a smaller body of rodent and cell work.
Established: hexarelin stimulates growth hormone release directly from pituitary cells, including a rat cell line that does not respond to GHRH, indicating action through a pathway distinct from the GHRH receptor [1]. Proposed: in mouse heart models, researchers attributed changes in fibrosis and inflammatory markers to a shift toward parasympathetic (vagal) signaling [2][3]. Proposed: in kidney models, molecular docking suggested binding to MDM2, with reduced MDM2/p53 and apoptosis markers [4].
| Study | Model | Reported result | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| GH release in GHRH-insensitive pituitary cells [1] | Cell Rat GH1 pituitary tumor cell line and normal rat pituitary cells | Hexarelin increased GH secretion in both cell types, greatest at the highest concentration; GHRH did not alter its effect in GH1 cells. | Peer-reviewed Regulatory Peptides 1997 |
| Hexarelin in a mouse coronary-ligation model [2] | Mouse Coronary-ligation model, 21 days of treatment versus vehicle | Researchers measured better left-ventricular function by imaging at day 14, lower collagen deposition and TGF-β1, higher MMP-13, and lower troponin-I, IL-1β and TNF-α. | Peer-reviewed Physiological Reports 2018 |
| Hexarelin in a mouse ischemia-reperfusion model [3] | Mouse C57BL/6J mice, transient coronary ligation with reperfusion; hexarelin (n=20) vs vehicle (n=18), 21 days | MRI showed better left-ventricular function; interstitial collagen, TGF-β1, myofibroblast differentiation, troponin-I and TNF-α were lower than vehicle. | Peer-reviewed Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 2020 |
| Hexarelin and MDM2/p53 in kidney ischemia models [4] | Rat Rat kidney ischemia-reperfusion model, 7-day pretreatment; plus HK-2 cell hypoxia-reoxygenation | Researchers reported lower kidney-injury markers and tissue damage scores, lower caspase-3, Bax and Bad, higher Bcl-2, and reduced MDM2 and p53. | Peer-reviewed European Journal of Medical Research 2023 |
Human trials are listed for research context only; outcomes are reported in the linked publications. Animal and lab results do not establish effects in humans.
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