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Research compoundEndocrine Signaling ResearchGRF 1-29

Sermorelin

Also known as: GRF 1-29

A synthetic peptide made of the first 29 amino acids of human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), also called GRF 1-29. It was once an FDA-approved drug; most published research dates from the 1980s to 2000s, including small human trials in older adults and rat studies of the GHRH(1-29) fragment.

Evidence: moderate · Older human trials and rat studies; reviews

At a glance

Class
GHRH(1-29) analog
Developer
Originally Serono (later EMD Serono); no current developer
FDA status
Previously FDA-approved (brand: Geref). Approvals withdrawn in 2009 after the maker discontinued it; FDA found in 2013 this was not for safety or effectiveness reasons. This page covers the research compound only.
Human data
Small randomized, placebo-controlled trials in healthy older adults (2000s); reviews 2003 and 2008
Animal / lab data
Aging rat and isolated pituitary cell studies (1991)

Where it’s been studied

12
  • 1Pituitary (somatotroph cells)Aging rats and perifused pituitary cells (1991)
  • 2GH and IGF-I levelsAging rats (1991); human trials reviewed (2003)

Mechanism studied

Sermorelin mimics the active portion of natural GHRH, the hypothalamic hormone that is the main stimulator of growth hormone (GH) synthesis and release from the pituitary; this effect is opposed by somatostatin and by IGF-I feedback [3][4]. Because it acts upstream of GH, the pituitary's own feedback controls stay in place [3]. In aging rats, pituitary responsiveness to GHRH(1-29) declined from about 12 months of age [2].

What the research shows

StudyModelReported resultSource
GHRH responsiveness in aging rats [2]Rat
Male rats aged 2-20 months; in vivo and perifused pituitary cells, rat GRF(1-29)NH2
GH response to GRF began declining at 12 months and was blunted at 20 months; pituitary somatostatin roughly doubled at 20 monthsPeer-reviewed
Neuroendocrinology 1991
Cognition trial in older adults [5]Human
89 healthy older adults, randomized vs placebo, 6 months
Endpoints: cognitive test performance. PublishedPeer-reviewed
Neurobiol Aging 2006
GHRH and secretagogues in aging [3]Review
Summary of human GHRH and GH secretagogue trials in older adults
Reviewers judged the data encouraging but not enough to support routine use; trials were small and used intermediate endpointsPeer-reviewed
Endocrine 2003
Fountain of Youth or Pool of Tantalus? [4]Review
Review of GHRH(1-29) and GH secretagogue research in normal aging
Describes the University of Washington GHRH(1-29) trials and concludes the benefit-risk balance remains uncertainPeer-reviewed
Clin Interv Aging 2008
FDA determination on Geref [1]Other
Regulatory review of the discontinued Geref products (NDA 19-863, 20-443)
FDA determined the products were not withdrawn from sale for safety or effectiveness reasonsCompany-reported
Federal Register 2013

Human trials are listed for research context only; outcomes are reported in the linked publications. Animal and lab results do not establish effects in humans.

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More in Endocrine Signaling Research

Sources

  1. Published source (2013). public-inspection.federalregister.gov Source
  2. Deslauriers N et al. (1991). doi:10.1159/000125755 Source
  3. Merriam GR et al. (2003). doi:10.1385/ENDO:22:1:41 Source
  4. Hersch EC et al. (2008). doi:10.2147/CIA.S3247 Source
  5. Vitiello MV et al. (2006) Source
For research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not a drug, food or cosmetic, and not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. This library summarizes published research for educational purposes. PureLab Performance Inc.